In the nearly-free model, box-like Brillouin zones are added to k-space by the periodic potential experienced from the (ionic) structure, thus mildly breaking the isotropy. In three-dimensional k-space, the set of points of the highest filled levels (the Fermi surface) should therefore be a sphere. In both models, the electrons are seen as a gas traveling through the structure of the solid with an energy that is essentially isotropic, in that it depends on the square of the magnitude, not the direction of the momentum vector k.
#Metallic bonds and dispersio force free
With the advent of quantum mechanics, this picture was given a more formal interpretation in the form of the free electron model and its further extension, the nearly free electron model. A picture emerged of metals as positive ions held together by an ocean of negative electrons. With the advent of electrochemistry, it became clear that metals generally go into solution as positively charged ions, and the oxidation reactions of the metals became well understood in their electrochemical series.
( October 2009) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message)Īs chemistry developed into a science, it became clear that metals formed the majority of the periodic table of the elements, and great progress was made in the description of the salts that can be formed in reactions with acids. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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